Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea: comparación entre pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello y población sana / Adherence to Mediterranean diet: A comparison of patients with head and neck cancer and healthy population

Antecedentes y objetivo: La dieta mediterránea (DM) tradicional se asocia a un menor riesgo de padecer numerosos cánceres. Sin embargo, pocos estudios han analizado la relación de la DM con el riesgo de padecer cáncer de cabeza y cuello (CCyC). Se lleva a cabo un estudio de casos y controles en el que se compara la adherencia a la DM en pacientes diagnosticados de CCyC y población sana. Pacientes y método: Mediante el cuestionario Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), de 14 ítems, empleado en el estudio PREDIMED, se evalúa el nivel de adherencia a la DM tanto en casos obtenidos de pacientes diagnosticados de CCyC en el hospital 12de Octubre de Madrid, como en controles obtenidos de población sana de un centro de salud del Área, estratificando dicha adherencia en función de la puntuación: baja (≤7puntos), media (8-9puntos) y alta (≥10puntos). Se calcula el odds ratio (OR) para desarrollar CCyC en base a diferentes factores. Resultados: Se analiza una muestra de 168 individuos: 100 controles y 68 casos. El hábito tabáquico (OR: 2,98 [IC95%: 1,44-6,12]; p=0,003) y el consumo de alcohol (OR: 2,72 [IC95%: 1,39-5,33]; p=0,003) demuestran ser factores de riesgo para desarrollar CCyC. Sin embargo, la adherencia media-alta a la DM se asocia a menor riesgo de CCyC (OR: 0,48 [IC95%: 0,20-1,07]; p=0,052). Conclusiones: La adherencia media-alta a la DM se asocia a menor riesgo para desarrollar CCyC

Background and objective: The traditional Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated to a lower risk of suffering multiple tumors. However, few studies have analyzed the relationship between MD and the risk of developing head and neck cancer (HNC). A case-control study comparing adherence to MD was conducted in patients diagnosed with HNC and healthy population. Patients and methods: The level of adherence to MD was assessed using the 14-item MEDAS (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener) questionnaire, used in the PREDIMED study, in patients diagnosed with HNC at 12de Octubre Hospital in Madrid (cases) and in healthy subjects enrolled in a nearby primary health care center (controls). Adherence was stratified based on the score as low (≤7points), medium (8-9points), and high (≥10points). The odds ratio (OR) for developing HNC was estimated based on different factors. Results: A sample of 168 subjects (100 controls and 68 cases) was analyzed. Smoking (OR, 2.98 [95%CI: 1.44-6.12]; P=.003) and alcohol consumption (OR, 2.72 [95%CI: 1.39-5.33], P=.003) were strongly associated to HNC. However, medium-high adherence to MD was associated to a lower risk of developing HNC (OR, 0.48 [95%CI: 0.20-1.07], P=.052). Conclusions: Consistent medium-high adherence to MD contributes to decrease the risk of developing HNC

Adherence to Mediterranean diet: A comparison of patients with head and neck cancer and healthy population. / Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea: comparación entre pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello y población sana.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The traditional Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated to a lower risk of suffering multiple tumors. However, few studies have analyzed the relationship between MD and the risk of developing head and neck cancer (HNC). A case-control study comparing adherence to MD was conducted in patients diagnosed with HNC and healthy population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The level of adherence to MD was assessed using the 14-item MEDAS (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener) questionnaire, used in the PREDIMED study, in patients diagnosed with HNC at 12de Octubre Hospital in Madrid (cases) and in healthy subjects enrolled in a nearby primary health care center (controls). Adherence was stratified based on the score as low (≤7points), medium (8-9points), and high (≥10points). The odds ratio (OR) for developing HNC was estimated based on different factors. RESULTS: A sample of 168 subjects (100 controls and 68 cases) was analyzed. Smoking (OR, 2.98 [95%CI: 1.44-6.12]; P=.003) and alcohol consumption (OR, 2.72 [95%CI: 1.39-5.33], P=.003) were strongly associated to HNC. However, medium-high adherence to MD was associated to a lower risk of developing HNC (OR, 0.48 [95%CI: 0.20-1.07], P=.052). CONCLUSIONS: Consistent medium-high adherence to MD contributes to decrease the risk of developing HNC.